Iatrogenic bladder neck rupture due to traumatic urethral catheterization: A case report.

BACKGROUND: In this article, we present a case of iatrogenic bladder neck rupture due to catheter insertion in a 94-year-old comorbid male patient. CASE SUMMARY: The patient, who had a urethral catheter inserted in the palliative service 3 d ago, was consulted because the catheter did not work. Because the fluid given to the bladder could not be recovered, computed tomography was performed, which revealed that the catheter had passed the bladder neck first into the retrovesical area then into the intraabdominal area. The appearance of the anterior urethra and verumontanum was normal at cystoscopy. However, extremely severe stenosis of the bladder neck, and perforated posterior wall of the urethral segment between the prostatic urethra and the bladder neck were observed. Internal urethrotomy was applied to the bladder neck with a urethrotome. An urethral catheter was sent over the guide wire into the bladder. The patient was followed in the palliative care service and the catheter was removed 7 d later. No extravasation was observed in the control urethrography. CONCLUSION: Although catheter insertion is a simple and frequently performed procedure in hospitalized patients, it is necessary to avoid unnecessary extra-indication catheter insertion.

Bladder stone due to late clip migration after prostatic urethral lift procedure: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Prostatic urethral lift (PUL) therapy is an alternative to minimally invasive and other surgeries in younger patients who want to preserve their sexual and ejaculatory functions, and in elderly male patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who cannot be anesthetized because of the risk of anesthesia. The procedure can be performed as an outpatient and without anesthesia, and complications are few and temporary. In long-term follow-up, encrustations that require retreatment are rarely seen. CASE SUMMARY: In our case, a 62-year-old prostate patient who had a PUL operation 8 years ago and had a stone on the PUL material near the bladder neck was treated. The patient's stone was removed by endoscopic cystolithotripsy using pneumatic fragmentation. Bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate was applied to the patient in the same session. After the patient's 7-year follow-up, the patient's complaints relapsed, and cystoscopy was performed again. In cystoscopy, stone formation adjacent to the wall was observed at the junction of the bladder neck to the left lateral wall. The stone was fragmented with a pneumatic lithotripter. CONCLUSION: Placing clips too close to bladder neck in the PUL procedure may result in clip migration.

Can amniotic fluid protect developing fetal lungs against the harmful effects of oxidative stress?

BACKGROUND: Preterm births cause fetuses to be born without completing the development of their organs. Due to this undesirable situation, it is the pulmonary tissue which has to be most exposed to harmful effects of extrauterine environment. Early disappearance of the prophylactic and constructive effects of amniotic fluid (AF) on developing tissues, such as pulmonary tissue, facilitates the formation of pulmonary morbidities resulting from oxygen. Setting out from this knowledge, we wanted, in addition to assessing the beneficent effects of AF on pulmonary tissue, to study the importance of AF in morbidities of this tissue thought to originate from oxygen. METHODS: In this experimental study, while the study group was made up of the fetuses of pregnant rats exposed to hyperbaric oxygen, (hyperoxic pregnant rat fetuses-HPRF), the control group was formed of the fetuses of the rats pregnant in the usual room setting (normoxic pregnant rat fetuses-NPRF). The pulmonary and hepatic tissues taken from the fetuses of these pregnant rats on the 21st day of their pregnancy were compared biochemically and histologically. For biochemical assessment, total glutathione (tGSH), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) values and for histopathological assessment, apoptosis, alveolar wall count (AWC), vena centralis count (VCC) were included. RESULTS: Statistical significance was found in the pulmonary tissue values of tGSH on behalf of NPRF, and MDA on behalf of HPRF (p < 0.05). In liver tissue, statistical significance was detected in tGSH and CAT values in favor of NPRF and in MDA, and TNF-α values in favor of HPRF (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION: : Our study has demonstrated that AF protects the pulmonary tissue from the harmful effects of oxygen in the intrauterine period. In addition, our data have suggested that the pulmonary tissue's being deprived of the useful effects of AF owing to premature birth may be an important trigger in the occurrence of the pulmonary morbidities thought to result from oxygen.

The investigation of the protective effects of nimesulide on experimental testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats / La investigación de los efectos protectores de nimesulida en la lesión de isquemia y reperfusión testicular experimental en ratas

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Testicular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury develops after torsion and following detorsion of the testis. Reactive oxygen species were produced and oxidative damage begins to occur due to I/R process. Nimesulide, which is a specific cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor drug, have antioxidant, antiinflammatory, analgesics and antipyretic effects. We aimed to investigate biochemically and histopathologically effect of nimesulide on testis I/R injury in rats induced by the testicular torsion-detorsion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, 24 albino Wistar male rats were divided into four groups (6 rats in each group): ischemia/reperfusion applied+50mg/kg nimesulide administrated (NIM-50), ischemia/reperfusion applied+100mg/kg nimesulide administrated (NIM-100), ischemia/reperfusion applied (IR) and Sham surgery (SS) groups. Nimesulide was administered to NIM-50 and NIM-100 groups at the 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg doses before 2h applied I/R procedures. The IR group were applied only I/R procedures, no drug treatment was applied. Animals were sacrificed under high dose anesthesia and left testes were extracted. Testes were examined biochemically and histopathologically. RESULTS: Total glutathione (tGSH) and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) levels were increased in the NIM-50 and NIM-100 groups compared to IR group. The levels of COX-2, malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were lower in the NIM-50 and NIM-100 groups than in the IR group. Some histopathological changes seen in IR group. This findings were decreased in NIM-50 group and prevented in NIM-100 group. CONCLUSION: Nimesulide prevented inflammation and oxidative stress. Our results suggest that nimesulide may be have a protective effect on testicular I/R injury

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS: La lesión de isquemia y reperfusión testicular (I/R) se desarrolla después de la torsión y la consiguiente detorsión del testículo. Se produjeron especies reactivas de oxígeno y el daño oxidativo comienza a producirse debido al proceso de I/R. La nimesulida, que es un fármaco inhibidor específico de la ciclooxigenasa 2, tiene efectos antioxidantes, antiinflamatorios, analgésicos y antipiréticos. El objetivo fue investigar el efecto bioquímico e histopatológico de la nimesulida sobre la lesión testicular I/R en ratas inducida por la torsión-detorsión testicular. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: En este estudio se dividió a 24 ratas albinas Wistar macho en 4 grupos (6 ratas en cada grupo): isquemia y reperfusión aplicada+50mg/kg de nimesulida administrada (NIM-50), isquemia y reperfusión aplicada+100mg/kg de nimesulida administrada (NIM-100), isquemia y reperfusión aplicada (IR) y cirugía simulada (SS). La nimesulida se administró a los grupos NIM-50 y NIM-100 a las dosis de 50 y 100mg/kg, respectivamente, 2h antes de aplicar los procedimientos de I/R. Al grupo IR se aplicó solo procedimientos I/R, no se aplicó tratamiento farmacológico. Los animales se sacrificaron con anestesia a dosis altas y se extrajeron los testículos izquierdos. Los testículos se examinaron bioquímicamente e histopatológicamente. RESULTADOS: Los niveles totales de glutatión (tGSH) y ciclooxigenasa-1 (COX-1) aumentaron en los grupos NIM-50 y NIM-100 en comparación con el grupo IR. Los niveles de COX-2, malondialdehído (MDA), interleucina 1β (IL-1β) y factor de necrosis tumoral-α (TNF-α) fueron menores en los grupos NIM-50 y NIM-100 que en el grupo IR. Se vieron algunos cambios histopatológicos en el grupo IR. Estos hallazgos disminuyeron en el grupo NIM-50 y se evitaron en el grupo NIM-100. CONCLUSIÓN: La nimesulida previno la inflamación y el estrés oxidativo. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la nimesulida puede tener un efecto protector sobre la lesión testicular I/R

The investigation of the protective effects of nimesulide on experimental testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Testicular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury develops after torsion and following detorsion of the testis. Reactive oxygen species were produced and oxidative damage begins to occur due to I/R process. Nimesulide, which is a specific cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor drug, have antioxidant, antiinflammatory, analgesics and antipyretic effects. We aimed to investigate biochemically and histopathologically effect of nimesulide on testis I/R injury in rats induced by the testicular torsion-detorsion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, 24 albino Wistar male rats were divided into four groups (6 rats in each group): ischemia/reperfusion applied+50mg/kg nimesulide administrated (NIM-50), ischemia/reperfusion applied+100mg/kg nimesulide administrated (NIM-100), ischemia/reperfusion applied (IR) and Sham surgery (SS) groups. Nimesulide was administered to NIM-50 and NIM-100 groups at the 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg doses before 2h applied I/R procedures. The IR group were applied only I/R procedures, no drug treatment was applied. Animals were sacrificed under high dose anesthesia and left testes were extracted. Testes were examined biochemically and histopathologically. RESULTS: Total glutathione (tGSH) and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) levels were increased in the NIM-50 and NIM-100 groups compared to IR group. The levels of COX-2, malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were lower in the NIM-50 and NIM-100 groups than in the IR group. Some histopathological changes seen in IR group. This findings were decreased in NIM-50 group and prevented in NIM-100 group. CONCLUSION: Nimesulide prevented inflammation and oxidative stress. Our results suggest that nimesulide may be have a protective effect on testicular I/R injury.